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Swiss village destroyed by glacier collapse

Anthony Sharwood
Image: Switzerland's Lötschental Valley pictured in more benign conditions before today's glacier collapse and landslide.. Source: iStock/VogelSP
Image: Switzerland's Lötschental Valley pictured in more benign conditions before today's glacier collapse and landslide.. Source: iStock/VogelSP

A huge chunk of Switzerland’s Birch Glacier has collapsed, sending tonnes of ice and rock down a steep mountainside which largely buried the small town of Blatten.

Fortunately, authorities were aware of the impending disaster and evacuated the village’s 300 residents due to a series of smaller landslides earlier this month. However, one person is unaccounted for, with potentially disastrous flash flooding possible along the valley of the Lonza River (which flows through Blatten) due to dams formed by the mass of sludge in the valley.

Regional authorities in the canton of Valais said that approximately 90% of the village is buried, a stark statistic which was apparent in dramatic images posted on social media.

A week ago, authorities became so concerned about the imminent collapse that they began to evacuate livestock. Some bewildered cows were even removed by helicopter.

Switzerland has approximately 1800 glaciers. Most are retreating and many are expected to vanish, with numerous smaller glaciers already having melted entirely in recent years due to the warming climate.

The Birch Glacier was a relatively small glacier at approximately 1.5 million cubic metres in size. It has not been confirmed how much of it – if any – remains.

According to Europe’s Copernicus Climate Change Service, global surface air temperature has increased by between 1.3°C and 1.4°C since the pre-industrial era, while the temperature increase over Europe has been about 1°C higher than that for the globe as a whole.

Image: Annual temperature anomalies in Switzerland from 1864 to 2024. Source: MeteoSwiss.

Switzerland's meteorological agency MeteoSwiss has found that the country's current mean temperature has risen by 2.9°C since the 1871-1900 pre-industrial period, and that Switzerland's temperatures are also rising slightly quicker than those in the rest of the globe.

Image: Average Swiss temperatures vs average global temperatures from 1864 to 2024. Source: MeteoSwiss.

MeteoSwiss notes that Switzerland's mountain regions are especially vulnerable to climate change, with the threat of additional risks from "deteriorating slope stability, and increased landslides, debris flows and rockfalls."

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