NINO3.4 Index
The NINO3.4 index is one of several El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indicators based on sea surface temperatures.
NINO3.4 is the average sea surface temperature anomaly in the region bounded by 5°N to 5°S, from 170°W to 120°W. This region has large variability on El Niño time scales, and is close to the region where changes in local sea-surface temperature are important for shifting the large region of rainfall typically located in the far western Pacific.
An El Niño or La Niña event is identified if the 5-month running-average of the NINO3.4 index exceeds +0.4°C for El Niño or -0.4°C for La Niña for at least 6 consecutive months.
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Weather News
Victoria issues code red bushfire warning as Melbourne weather heats up
10:54 EDT
After coming within 0.2 degrees of its hottest November night on record, Melbourne's temperatures are soaring while parts of Victoria prepare for a day of catastrophic fire risk.
Sydney smoke 'unlikely to clear for days' as bushfires burn around NSW
10:47 EDT
Sydneysiders have been warned the thick smoke haze covering the city will remain for days, as the air quality plummeted to "hazardous" levels for the second time this week.
Bushfire threat spreads to Victoria as first Code Red declared since 2010
07:47 EDT
A Code Red fire danger day has been declared in Victoria for the first time in almost a decade, as emergency services warn people in parts of the state's north to consider evacuating their homes.
